An equipment-repair worker who took over a father's post (1960s generation, joined in the 1980s)

问您大概是哪一代人？

QRoughly which generation are you?

答1960 年代

A1960s

问您与鞍钢/相关单位的关系？

QWhat is your relationship to Angang / a related work unit?

答本人在鞍钢

AI myself worked at Ansteel

问您当年大概做哪一类工作？

QRoughly what kind of work did you do back then?

答维修/设备

AMaintenance / equipment

问您大概在哪个时期参加工作？

QRoughly in which period did you start working?

答【勾选】1980 年代　【手写】时间锚点：大约在我妹妹考上中学那几年。

A[checked] The 1980s [handwritten] Time anchor: around the years my younger sister got into middle school.

问您愿意说说当时为什么进这个单位吗？（学校分配/家里安排/自己选择/亲友介绍）

QWould you say why you joined this unit? (school assignment / family arrangement / own choice / introduced by relatives or friends)

答父亲是鞍钢老工人，八十年代顶替政策，直接接班进厂。那时候维修工种比一线车间环境好一点，有手艺走到哪都不愁，家里人都觉得学设备维修是稳当出路。

AMy father was an old Angang worker. Under the 1980s dingti policy I took over his post and entered the plant directly. Maintenance trades had somewhat better conditions than the front-line shops, and with a craft in hand you would never worry wherever you went — the whole family felt equipment repair was the steady road.

问您还记得刚参加工作时的一天吗？带我从早到晚走一遍：几点上班、先去哪、主要做什么、和谁一起。

QDo you remember a day when you had just started working? Walk me through it from morning to night: when you started, where you went first, what you mainly did, and who you were with.

答白班早上七点到厂，先去工具房清点扳手、检测仪等维修工具，和班组三四名维修工集合开早会。日常负责炼钢、轧钢车间设备巡检，哪里电机、传送带、轴承出故障就去哪抢修，中午十二点去职工食堂吃饭，饭后在维修休息室小憩。下午五点停工后统一检查设备隐患，确认无故障再换工装去厂区澡堂，六点多回家属院。遇上设备故障加班是常事，不分早晚。

ADay shift, at the plant by seven. First to the tool room to count the wrenches, testers, and repair tools, then muster with the team's three or four repair workers for the morning meeting. Our daily round was equipment inspection in the steelmaking and rolling shops — wherever a motor, conveyor belt, or bearing failed, that is where we rushed to repair it. Noon meal at the staff canteen, a short rest in the maintenance break room. After the five o'clock stop we checked the equipment together for hidden faults, changed out of work clothes only once everything was confirmed sound, then the plant bathhouse, and back to the family courtyard after six. Overtime for breakdowns was routine, day or night.

问当时学技术主要靠什么？

QBack then, how did you mainly learn your skills?

答【勾选】师傅带、单位培训、技校/大学、同事互教　【手写】进厂前读过鞍钢技校，打下理论基础；进厂后跟着老师傅现场抢修实操，厂里每季组织设备维修专项培训，工友遇到疑难故障也会互相交流拆解技巧。

A[checked] A master taught me; unit training; technical school / university; workmates taught each other [handwritten] Before entering the plant I studied at the Angang technical school, which laid the theory. Inside, I followed the old masters on live emergency repairs; the plant ran special equipment-repair training every quarter, and workmates traded teardown techniques on hard faults.

问您觉得当年最重要的本事是什么？（技术，或吃苦、细心、配合、经验、判断力）

QWhat do you think was the most important ability back then? (technical skill, or endurance, care, cooperation, experience, judgment)

答一是动手能力强，故障能快速拆解排查；二是细心，设备细小磨损都要及时发现；三是遇事稳，抢修时不能慌，还要和车间操作工配合好。

AFirst, hands — being able to strip and trace a fault fast. Second, care — catching the smallest wear in time. Third, steadiness — no panic in an emergency repair, and good coordination with the shop operators.

问有没有书本上学不到、只能靠师傅或经验学到的东西？举一个普通例子即可，不用讲具体技术参数。

QWas there anything you couldn't learn from books, only from a master or experience? A plain example is fine; no specific technical parameters needed.

答图纸只会标注标准故障处理方式，但设备常年高温锈蚀，很多零件卡滞、异响根源各不相同。老师傅单凭机器震动手感、异响位置就能锁定损坏部位，书本没有对应案例，全靠长年抢修积累经验。

AThe drawings only marked the standard fault procedures, but the equipment baked and rusted year after year — every jammed part and strange noise had its own root. An old master could pin the damaged part just from the feel of the vibration and where the noise sat. No book had those cases. It was years of emergency repairs, nothing else.

问「单位」对生活影响大吗？体现在哪些方面？

QDid the "work unit" have a big impact on life? In what respects?

答【勾选】住房、食堂、澡堂、医院、学校、幼儿园、退休、邻里　【手写】全家衣食住行全依托鞍钢。单位分平房，孩子上鞍钢子弟校，看病职工医院报销，下班免费澡堂，邻里全是工友，逢年过节厂里发福利，退休保障也由单位统一管理。

A[checked] Housing; canteen; bathhouse; hospital; school; kindergarten; retirement; neighbors [handwritten] The whole family's food, clothing, housing, and getting about leaned on Angang. The unit assigned the bungalow; the children went to the Angang workers'-children school; the staff hospital reimbursed medical care; the bathhouse after work was free; every neighbor was a workmate; the plant handed out holiday benefits; and retirement security was managed by the unit.

问先用您自己的词：那时候大家对鞍钢/单位的感觉，像什么？

QIn your own words first: what did people's feeling toward Angang / the unit feel like back then?

答【勾选】一个大家庭　【手写】厂里不分岗位高低，谁家有难事班组、车间都会搭把手，福利全覆盖，一辈子的生计都托付给厂子，归属感特别强。

A[checked] One big family [handwritten] No high or low between posts — if a family hit trouble, the team and the shop lent a hand. Benefits covered everything; you entrusted a lifetime's livelihood to the plant. The sense of belonging was very strong.

问带我走进一个地方：澡堂、厂门口、车间、家属院……挑一个您印象最深的，说说那里的样子、声音、气味、人。

QTake me into one place: the bathhouse, the factory gate, the workshop, the workers' housing compound… pick the one that left the deepest impression and describe what it looked like, sounded like, smelled like, and the people there.

答印象最深是维修车间工具房。墙面挂满各类工具，铁架子摆满轴承、配件，地面全是机油痕迹。耳边是扳手敲击金属、电钻转动的声响，空气里机油、铁锈混合润滑油的味道很重。班组师傅、徒弟常年在这里扎堆，讨论故障、打磨零件，平时互相借工具、传授维修窍门，氛围热闹实在。

AThe maintenance shop's tool room. Walls hung full of tools, iron racks stacked with bearings and parts, the floor all traces of machine oil. In your ears, wrenches ringing on metal and drills turning; in the air, the heavy smell of machine oil, rust, and grease. Masters and apprentices bunched up in there year round, talking through faults and grinding parts, lending each other tools and passing on repair tricks. Lively and down-to-earth.

问那段时间，单位或岗位有没有明显变化？

QDuring that time, was there any obvious change in your unit or post?

答一些变化

ASome changes

问您当时大概属于哪一类？

QRoughly which category did you fall into at the time?

答转岗

ATransferred posts

问单位一般怎么通知这些变化？

QHow did the unit usually announce these changes?

答开会、领导口头

AMeetings; leaders told us directly

问当时对您影响最大的是？

QWhat affected you most at the time?

答工作安排

AWork arrangements

问比一比：和您认识的另一种岗位的人（比如您是技术、他是一线，或反过来）相比，那几年你们俩受到的影响一样吗？不用说人名，说大概。

QCompare: versus someone you knew in a different kind of post (say you're technical and they're front-line, or vice versa), were the two of you affected the same in those years? No names—just roughly.

答一线操作工受冲击更大，不少人内退、待岗；我们维修岗属于技术刚需，只是转岗学习新设备，基本不会下岗，收入、岗位稳定性远好于一线工人。

AFront-line operators took the bigger shock — many went to internal retirement or waiting-for-work. Maintenance was hard technical demand: we just transferred posts and learned the new equipment, almost never laid off. Our income and stability were far better than the front line's.

问岗位变化后，您或身边同事一般去了哪里？

QAfter the changes in posts, where did you or the colleagues around you generally go?

答留原单位、其他厂/相关行业、自己做小生意、做技术服务

AStayed at the old unit; other plants / related industries; started small businesses; technical services

问以前学到的本事，后来还有用吗？

QWere the abilities you learned before still useful later?

答很有用

AVery useful

问哪些本事容易带到别的工作里？（认真、守时、机械经验、管理、看设备、带徒弟、与人打交道…）

QWhich skills carry easily into other jobs? (diligence, punctuality, mechanical experience, management, watching equipment, training apprentices, dealing with people…)

答机械拆解、故障排查、动手维修的手艺终身能用；多年养成的严谨巡检习惯、和不同班组沟通协作的能力，不管去哪类机械厂都吃香。

AThe craft of stripping machines, tracing faults, and repairing with your hands lasts a lifetime. The disciplined inspection habits and the ability to communicate and cooperate with different teams are prized in any machine plant.

问哪些本事离开原单位就用不上了？说大概即可，不必讲流程或内部资料。

QWhich abilities become useless once you leave the original unit? Roughly is fine; no processes or internal materials.

答鞍钢专属老式炼钢轧钢设备的定制维修技巧、厂区内部老旧管线布局经验，离开钢厂基本没有用处。

AThe custom repair tricks for Angang's old steelmaking and rolling equipment, and the knowledge of the plant's old internal pipe runs — basically useless outside the steelworks.

问如果有人离开鞍山去外地，您觉得最难适应的是什么？您身边有这样的人吗（只说方向，如「去南方工厂」，不用姓名）？

QIf someone left Anshan for elsewhere, what do you think is hardest to adapt to? Do you know such people (just the direction, e.g. 'went to a southern factory', no names)?

答有不少工友去外地冶金厂做维修工。最难适应一是外地工厂没有配套职工福利，住房、医疗全部自费；二是外地工厂人员流动大，没有鞍钢几十年老工友互相扶持的人情氛围。

AQuite a few workmates went to metallurgical plants elsewhere as repair workers. Hardest: first, no staff welfare there — housing and medical care all out of pocket; second, high turnover, with none of the decades-long mutual support among old Angang workmates.

问遇到岗位变化时，谁对您帮助最大？

QWhen facing the change in posts, who helped you the most?

答师傅/徒弟

AMaster / apprentice

问大家会互相介绍工作、打听消息、互相照顾吗？说一般情况，不必说人名。

QDid people introduce each other to jobs, share news, look after one another? General situation, no names.

答会。厂里调整消息互相传递，有工友失业，维修班组会帮忙介绍外地维保工作；谁家维修工具短缺、家里困难，大伙主动出借工具、上门搭把手。

AYes. Adjustment news passed between us. When a workmate lost his job, the maintenance team helped line up maintenance work elsewhere. If a family lacked tools or was struggling, people lent tools unasked and came by to help.

问有没有老同事聚会、同学聚会、饭局、微信群帮大家联系？（可只答「有/没有」）

QWere there old-colleague reunions, classmate reunions, dinners, or WeChat groups to keep everyone connected? (a simple yes/no is fine)

答有，每年技校同学、班组工友聚餐，子女帮忙建微信群，日常互通近况。

AYes — technical-school classmates and the team dine together every year, and our children set up a WeChat group where we trade news.

问您觉得是正式渠道帮助大，还是熟人/老同事帮助大？

QDo you think formal channels helped more, or acquaintances / old colleagues?

答熟人

APersonal connections

问您现在还和老同事联系吗？

QDo you still keep in touch with old colleagues now?

答经常

AOften

问您去过鞍钢博物馆、孟泰纪念馆或类似的地方吗？

QHave you been to the Angang Museum, the Meng Tai Memorial Hall, or similar places?

答去过

ABeen there

问您觉得这些地方能让年轻人了解以前的工厂生活吗？

QDo you think these places let young people understand factory life of the past?

答能一点

AA little

问您觉得现在年轻人还了解「钢城」这段历史吗？

QDo you think young people today still understand this history of the "Steel City"?

答了解一点

AThey know a little

问您家里是否还保存和工作有关的东西？（可多选）

QDoes your home still keep work-related items? (multiple choice)

答没有

ANothing kept

问您的孩子或晚辈有没有进入钢铁、机械、工程、制造相关工作？

QHave your children or younger relatives gone into steel, machinery, engineering, or manufacturing-related work?

答有

AYes

问您当年希望孩子继续进类似单位吗？

QBack then, did you hope your children would go on to join a similar unit?

答希望

AHoped so

问您会给孩子讲以前单位里的故事吗？

QDo you tell your children stories from the old work unit?

答经常

AOften

问您给下一代最想说的一句话是什么？（工作、做人、技术、吃苦、选城市、选职业…都行）

QWhat one thing would you most want to say to the next generation? (about work, being a person, skills, endurance, choosing a city, choosing a career… anything)

答学好一门实打实的手艺，踏实钻研，技术永远不会淘汰人。

AMaster one real craft and dig into it steadily — skill never discards a person.

问您觉得年轻一代和您这一代，对「单位 / 稳定工作 / 技术工人」的看法有什么不同？

QHow do you think the younger generation and your generation differ in their views of "the work unit / a stable job / skilled workers"?

答我们认为有一门技术、长期扎根一个单位是安稳体面；年轻人更看重轻松高薪，不愿长期干体力维修，频繁换工作，对技工岗位认同感不高。

AWe saw a craft and long roots in one unit as security and dignity. Young people weigh ease and high pay more, will not do physical repair work for long, change jobs often, and do not identify much with the technician's post.

问先不看选项：如果用一个词形容以前的鞍钢/老单位，您会用哪个词？为什么？

QWithout looking at the options first: if you used one word to describe the old Angang / old unit, which word would you use? Why?

答词：手艺；理由：鞍钢养出一代代手艺人，维修、炼钢各类技术代代相传，手艺是我们工人安身立命的根本。

AThe word: shouyi — craft. Angang raised generation after generation of craftsmen; repair, steelmaking, every kind of skill was handed down. Craft is what we workers stood on.

问您觉得这段经历中，最该被年轻人记住的是什么？

QWhat in this experience do you think most deserves to be remembered by young people?

答老一辈工人精益求精钻研技术、师徒相授、默默保障生产的坚守。

AThe older generation's pursuit of ever-finer skill, the master-to-apprentice handing down, and the quiet steadfastness that kept production going.

问您觉得像我这样的年轻人，最容易误解你们那一代人的地方是什么？

QWhere do you think young people like me most easily misunderstand your generation?

答觉得我们守着老设备、不愿换新出路，其实我们靠手艺养家，热爱这份技术岗位，不是思想僵化。

AThinking we clung to old equipment and would not try new roads. In truth we fed our families by our craft and loved this technical post. It was not rigidity.

问今天有没有哪部分您希望我不要记录、不要引用，或引用前必须再问您？

QIs there any part today you'd like me not to record, not to quote, or to ask you again before quoting?

答没有

ANothing

问整理好后，您想先看一遍再决定是否公开吗？

QAfter it's compiled, would you like to review it first before deciding whether to make it public?

答想看

AI would like to see it first

问以后若需要补充访谈，您是否愿意通过介绍人再联系？

QIf a follow-up interview is needed later, would you be willing to be contacted again through the introducer?

答可以

AYes

问您是否愿意日后接受一次更深入的访谈，把您的故事更完整地记录下来？

QWould you be willing to give a more in-depth interview later, to record your story more fully?

答愿意

AWilling